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Introduction
Portugal and Spain remain two of the most attractive European destinations for US citizens seeking long-term residency without local employment. Both countries offer residency options based on financial self-sufficiency: Portugal’s D7 Visa and Spain’s Non-Lucrative Visa.
For retirees, financially independent individuals, or remote workers with stable income, this guide compares both visas side by side to help determine the best option in 2026.
Overview of Each Visa
🇵🇹 Portugal D7 Visa
The D7 Visa is designed for individuals with passive income or regular earnings (from remote work, pensions, or rentals).
🇪🇸 Spain Non-Lucrative Visa (NLV)
This visa allows residency based on financial self-sufficiency. You cannot legally work on this visa, including remote work for US clients.
Eligibility Requirements
Income Thresholds (2026)
Required Documents
Common to Both:
- Valid passport (6+ months)
- Criminal background check (FBI) with apostille
- Proof of income (bank statements, pension docs, rental agreements)
- Private health insurance (min. 1 year coverage)
- Passport-sized photos
- Visa application form
Portugal D7 Specific:
- Portuguese NIF (tax ID number)
- Portuguese bank account
- Long-term accommodation lease or property ownership
Spain NLV Specific:
- Medical certificate
- Proof of NOT working remotely or professionally
- No tax debt with Spanish authorities (if applying from within Spain)
Where to Apply
Processing Times & Fees
Both countries require an in-person appointment at the consulate, with consular jurisdictions determining where you apply.
Benefits Comparison
Lifestyle Differences
- Portugal is known for its expat-friendly cities like Lisbon and Porto, milder climate, lower cost of living, and English proficiency.
- Spain offers vibrant cities (Barcelona, Valencia), rich cultural life, and a Mediterranean lifestyle—but remote workers must tread carefully with the NLV.
Which Is Best for You?
- Choose Portugal if: You want to work remotely, have lower income, or prefer an easier application process.
- Choose Spain if: You have higher passive income and prefer a more structured, traditional process (or plan not to work).
Conclusion
Both Portugal and Spain are excellent choices for US citizens seeking long-term residency in Europe. The right choice depends on your income source, remote work status, and lifestyle preference.
At Jobbatical, we’ve helped hundreds of Americans navigate D7 and Non-Lucrative Visa processes successfully, with step-by-step support from the US to Europe.
Disclaimer:
Immigration laws and policies change frequently and may vary by country or nationality. While we strive to provide accurate and up-to-date information, we recommend doing your own due diligence or consulting official sources. You're also welcome to contact us directly for the latest guidance. Jobbatical is not responsible for decisions made based on the information provided.
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