Family members cannot directly use your NISS, but dependents (e.g., spouse, children) may access benefits like healthcare through your contributions if registered as beneficiaries with the Social Security Institute. Non-EU family members may need separate registration.

Employees’ NISS is typically requested by their employer through the Social Security Direct platform. Self-employed individuals or others apply in person at a Social Security office (Segurança Social) or Citizen Shop (Loja do Cidadão) with required documents. Online applications are limited but expanding in 2025.

To update (e.g., change address) or replace a lost NISS, visit a Social Security office or use the Social Security Direct platform with your NIF and existing NISS. Provide updated documents as needed. The NISS itself is permanent and does not expire.

In-person applications at a Social Security office are typically processed immediately or within a few days, provided all documents are complete. Employer-submitted applications may take 1-2 weeks. Delays can occur if verification is needed.

Yes, non-residents employed or self-employed in Portugal must obtain a NISS for social security contributions and tax compliance, unless covered by a bilateral social security agreement with an A1 certificate from their home country.

The NISS grants access to the National Health Service (SNS), unemployment benefits, maternity/paternity leave, sick leave, disability support, and pension contributions. It’s also required for payroll deductions and tax filings.145

Required documents include: a valid passport or EU ID card, proof of residence (e.g., rental contract, utility bill, or Atestado de Residência), a Tax Identification Number (NIF), and, for employees, an employment contract. Self-employed individuals need proof of business activity. Non-Portuguese documents may require certified translations.

There is no direct fee for obtaining a NISS when applied for in person at a Social Security office. However, legal or agency services for assistance may charge €50-€150, depending on complexity and processing speed.

All individuals working or residing in Portugal, including EU/EEA/Swiss citizens, non-EU residents, employees, self-employed persons, and students accessing certain benefits, need a NISS. It’s mandatory for payroll, social contributions, and accessing the National Health Service (SNS).

The Número de Identificação de Segurança Social (NISS) is a unique identification number issued by the Portuguese Social Security Institute (Instituto da Segurança Social) to individuals for accessing social security benefits, such as healthcare, pensions, and unemployment support, and for tax-related employment purposes.